Métodos no invasivos para identificar el fenotipo inflamatorio del asma
Resumen
Aproximadamente un 10% de los asmáticos sufren una enfermedad grave o refractaria a los tratamientos disponibles en la actualidad. El desarrollo de nuevos métodos que sirvan como herramientas para medir la inflamación bronquial puede permitir en estos pacientes una terapia más individualizada. Entre los métodos no invasivos para medir la inflamación de la vía aérea usados en la práctica clínica figuran: el recuento de células inflamatorias en el esputo inducido y la fracción exhalada de óxido nítrico (FeNO). La temperatura del aire exhalado, el condensado del aire exhalado y la nariz electrónica se plantean como nuevas herramientas de medición de la inflamación bronquial y del control del asma, pero actualmente sólo tienen utilidad en el campo de la investigación.
En esta revisión aportaré de forma resumida y basada en las publicaciones más relevantes, una visión actualizada y objetiva de los diversos métodos no invasivos utilizados para identificar los fenotipos inflamatorios del asma.
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